(English_(Nigeria)_MFA_dictionary_v3_1_0)= # English (Nigeria) MFA dictionary v3.1.0 ``````{dictionary} English (Nigeria) MFA dictionary v3.1.0 :id: "English (Nigeria) MFA dictionary v3_1_0" :tags: English;MFA;IPA :language: "English" :dialect: Nigeria :layout: mfa :template: dictionary_template :phoneset: "MFA" :license: "CC BY 4.0" ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/nigeria_mfa/v3.1.0/README.md :start-after: "## Dictionary details" :end-before: "## Installation" ``` `````` ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/nigeria_mfa/v3.1.0/README.md :start-after: "new)." ``` ## IPA Charts ### Consonants Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered * - Manner - Labial - Labiodental - Dental - Alveolar - Alveopalatal - Palatal - Velar - Glottal * - {manner}`Nasal` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * m * Occurrences: 2637 * Examples * mass: [m a s] * palm: [pʰ a m] * aims: [e m s] * human: [uː m a n] * mʲ * Occurrences: 619 * Examples * minna: [mʲ i n a] * comic: [kʰ ɔ mʲ i k] * mixup: [mʲ i k s ɔ p] * emir: [ɛ mʲ i a] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɱ * Occurrences: 9 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * n * Occurrences: 6195 * Examples * want: [w ɔ n t] * skin: [s c i n] * pine: [pʰ aj n] * night: [n aj] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɲ * Occurrences: 1037 * Examples * tiny: [tʰ aj ɲ i] * sandy: [s a ɲ dʲ i] * ndidi: [ɲ dʲ iː dʲ i] * candy: [kʰ a ɲ dʲ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ŋ * Occurrences: 1634 * Examples * think: [t̪ i ŋ k] * ewing: [j uː w i ŋ ɡ] * ancor: [a ŋ k ɔ] * young: [j ɔ ŋ ɡ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Stop` {submanner}`Plain` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * p * Occurrences: 1731 * Examples * spot: [s p ɔ t] * apron: [e p u n] * maps: [m a p s] * spar: [s p a] * pʲ * Occurrences: 193 * Examples * pure: [pʲ ʊ a] * speak: [s pʲ iː k] * topic: [tʰ ɔ pʲ i k] * april: [e pʲ i ɫ] * voiced * b * Occurrences: 1520 * Examples * broke: [b ɹ o k] * brown: [b ɹ aw n] * boils: [b ɔj ɫ z] * baby: [b e bʲ i] * bʲ * Occurrences: 302 * Examples * derby: [d a bʲ i] * bbc: [bʲ iː bʲ iː s iː] * shebi: [ʃ ɛ bʲ i] * beats: [bʲ iː t s] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t̪ * Occurrences: 98 * Examples * thing: [t̪ i ŋ] * think: [t̪ i ŋ k] * booth: [b u t̪] * south: [s aw t̪] * voiced * d̪ * Occurrences: 54 * Examples * that: [d̪ a] * the: [d̪ i] * other: [ɔ d̪ a] * dey: [d̪ e] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t * Occurrences: 4573 * Examples * adopt: [a d ɔ p t] * lasts: [l a s t s] * count: [kʰ aw n t] * lift: [ʎ i f t] * tʲ * Occurrences: 1190 * Examples * steep: [s tʲ iː p] * sixty: [s i k s tʲ i] * listi: [ʎ i s tʲ i] * latin: [l a tʲ i n] * tʷ * Occurrences: 16 * Examples * twin: [tʷ i n] * twill: [tʷ i ɫ] * twins: [tʷ i n z] * twice: [tʷ aj s] * voiced * d * Occurrences: 3473 * Examples * danes: [d e n z] * cloud: [k l aw d] * goad: [ɡ o d] * drove: [d ɹ o v] * dʲ * Occurrences: 832 * Examples * sid: [ɛ s aj dʲ iː] * dish: [dʲ i ʃ] * dupe: [dʲ uː p] * andy: [a ɲ dʲ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * c * Occurrences: 544 * Examples * clips: [c ʎ i p s] * akin: [a c i n] * naked: [n e c i d] * skies: [s c iː z] * cʷ * Occurrences: 37 * Examples * queen: [cʷ iː n] * quick: [cʷ i k] * query: [cʷ i ɹ i] * quill: [cʷ i ɫ] * voiced * ɟ * Occurrences: 195 * Examples * ngos: [ɛ ɲ ɟ iː o z] * get: [ɟ i] * angry: [a ɲ ɟ ɹ i] * guy: [ɟ aj] * ɟʷ * Occurrences: 22 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * k * Occurrences: 2156 * Examples * stuck: [s t ɔ k] * crown: [k ɹ o n] * pork: [pʰ ɔ k] * acts: [a k s] * kʷ * Occurrences: 129 * Examples * choir: [kʷ aj a] * akwu: [a kʷ u] * quite: [kʷ aj t] * quote: [kʷ o t] * voiced * ɡ * Occurrences: 1976 * Examples * big: [bʲ i ɡ] * groom: [ɡ ɹ uː m] * lying: [l aj i ŋ ɡ] * leg: [l ɛ ɡ] * ɡʷ * Occurrences: 10 * Examples * gweje: [ɡʷ ɛ dʒ e] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {submanner}`Aspirated` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * pʰ * Occurrences: 987 * Examples * pooh: [pʰ uː] * pause: [pʰ ɔ z] * paths: [pʰ a ð z] * polls: [pʰ o ɫ z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tʰ * Occurrences: 1067 * Examples * tail: [tʰ e ɫ] * token: [tʰ o k ɛ n] * tuwo: [tʰ ɔ uː] * tokyo: [tʰ o cʰ i o] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * cʰ * Occurrences: 314 * Examples * kings: [cʰ i ŋ ɡ z] * keg: [cʰ ɛ ɡ] * kim: [cʰ i m] * shaky: [ʃ e cʰ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * kʰ * Occurrences: 1351 * Examples * can't: [kʰ a n t] * karo: [kʰ a ɹ o] * okada: [o kʰ a d a] * codes: [kʰ o d z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Affricate` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tʃ * Occurrences: 690 * Examples * tries: [tʃ aj s] * chew: [tʃ i ʊ] * chili: [tʃ i ʎ i] * chase: [tʃ e s] * voiced * dʒ * Occurrences: 972 * Examples * joe: [dʒ o] * job: [dʒ ɔ b] * forge: [f ɔ dʒ] * jill: [dʒ i ɫ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Sibilant` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * s * Occurrences: 6595 * Examples * cyber: [s aj b a] * stoke: [s t o k] * midst: [mʲ i d s t] * nooks: [n ʊ k s] * voiced * z * Occurrences: 2777 * Examples * nays: [n e z] * plans: [p l a n z] * tours: [tʰ ʊ a z] * buses: [b ɔ s ɛ z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʃ * Occurrences: 1495 * Examples * sheik: [ʃ iː k] * azure: [a ʃ a] * sean: [ʃ ɔ n] * shook: [ʃ ʊ k] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Fricative` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * f * Occurrences: 1318 * Examples * ralph: [ɹ a ɫ f] * golf: [ɡ ɔ ɫ f] * after: [a f t a] * faces: [f e s ɛ z] * fʲ * Occurrences: 349 * Examples * feels: [fʲ iː ɫ z] * fees: [fʲ iː z] * fiat: [fʲ i a t] * sofia: [s o fʲ i a] * voiced * v * Occurrences: 1133 * Examples * van: [v a n] * seven: [s ɛ v ɛ n] * lover: [l ɔ v a] * drove: [dʒ ɹ o v] * vʲ * Occurrences: 290 * Examples * envy: [ɛ m vʲ i] * navy: [n e vʲ i] * evil: [iː vʲ i ɫ] * heavy: [ç iː vʲ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * θ * Occurrences: 338 * Examples * north: [n ɔ θ] * bath: [b a θ] * youth: [j uː θ] * path: [pʰ a θ] * voiced * ð * Occurrences: 159 * Examples * they: [ð e] * the: [ð e] * their: [ð ɛː] * these: [ð iː z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ç * Occurrences: 124 * Examples * him: [ç i m] * hills: [ç i ɫ z] * hear: [ç i a] * heal: [ç iː ɫ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * h * Occurrences: 510 * Examples * had: [h a d] * whom: [h uː m] * hut: [h ɔ t] * who's: [h uː z] ``` * - {manner}`Approximant` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * w * Occurrences: 689 * Examples * aware: [a w ɛː] * wings: [w i ŋ ɡ z] * word: [w ɔ d] * was: [w ɔ s] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɹ * Occurrences: 4877 * Examples * noro: [n ɔ ɹ o] * dream: [d ɹ iː m] * praat: [p ɹ a t] * opera: [ɔ p ɛ ɹ a] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * j * Occurrences: 312 * Examples * jung: [j ʊ ŋ ɡ] * urea: [j ʊ ɹ i a] * years: [j aː z] * yuan: [j ʊ a n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Lateral` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * l * Occurrences: 1971 * Examples * plank: [p l a ŋ k] * plum: [p l ɔ m] * slice: [s l aj s] * lands: [l a n d z] * ɫ * Occurrences: 1731 * Examples * salt: [s ɔ ɫ t] * twill: [tʷ i ɫ] * hell: [h ɛ ɫ] * trial: [tʃ aj a ɫ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ʎ * Occurrences: 1359 * Examples * listi: [ʎ i s tʲ i] * liver: [ʎ i v a] * lever: [ʎ iː v a] * newly: [ɲ uː ʎ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` `````` ### Vowels Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered * - - Front - Near-Front - Central - Near-Back - Back * - Close - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * i * Occurrences: 9562 * Examples * mary: [m ɛː ɹ i] * gifts: [ɟ i f t s] * skins: [s c i n z] * sin: [s i n] * iː * Occurrences: 1204 * Examples * seeks: [s iː k s] * peat: [pʰ iː t] * eat: [iː t] * he's: [iː z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * u * Occurrences: 707 * Examples * focus: [f o k u s] * uzoma: [u z o m a] * mosun: [m ʊ s u n] * enugu: [ɛ ɲ u ɡ uː] * uː * Occurrences: 1036 * Examples * proof: [p ɹ uː f] * onu: [o n uː] * louis: [l uː i] * rooms: [ɹ uː m s] ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ʊ * Occurrences: 825 * Examples * unto: [ɔ n tʰ ʊ] * title: [tʰ aj t ʊ ɫ] * moot: [m ʊ t] * soot: [s ʊ t] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Close-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * e * Occurrences: 2070 * Examples * gbure: [ɡb uː ɹ e] * jide: [dʒ i d e] * wave: [w e v] * play: [p l e] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * o * Occurrences: 1482 * Examples * edo: [ɛ d o] * mando: [m a n d o] * show: [ʃ o] * notes: [n o t s] ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɛ * Occurrences: 6011 * Examples * reps: [ɹ ɛ p s] * kept: [cʰ ɛ] * enzo: [ɛ n z o] * index: [i n d ɛ k s] * ɛː * Occurrences: 226 * Examples * girl: [ɡ ɛː ɫ] * vary: [v ɛː ɹ i] * sarah: [s ɛː ɹ a] * wears: [w ɛː z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɜ * Occurrences: 16 * Examples * bury: [b ɜ ɹ i] * ɜː * Occurrences: 1 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ɔ * Occurrences: 6017 * Examples * segun: [ʃ ɛ ɡ ɔ n] * golf: [ɡ ɔ f] * ross: [ɹ ɔ s] * plum: [p l ɔ m] ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * a * Occurrences: 7976 * Examples * ogaba: [o ɡ a b a] * hanya: [h a ɲ a] * ancor: [a ŋ k ɔ] * brash: [b ɹ a ʃ] * aː * Occurrences: 614 * Examples * herbs: [h aː b z] * yard: [j aː d] * kurt: [kʰ aː t] * hers: [h aː z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` `````` #### Diphthongs * {ipa_inline}`aj` * {ipa_inline}`aw` * {ipa_inline}`ɔj`